Harold W. Hoehner
I first came across the writings of Harold Hoehner when I was in college. He was writing a series of articles for Bibliotheca Sacra (or BibSac, as it is called by folks at DTS) on chronological aspects of Jesus’ life. I was amazed at how he went about establishing the probable date of Jesus’ birth, death, resurrection, and certain points in his ministry. He brought in evidence from all sides, did not present only one viewpoint but discussed several angles, was less than dogmatic with his conclusions, interacted with literature, both ancient and modern and in a number of languagues. He seemed to leave no stone unturned. His judgments were sober and even-handed. I was deeply impressed. (I later learned that this work was essentially based on his second earned doctorate, this one at Cambridge University.)
After reading Hoehner’s arguments on the death of Christ (Friday crucifixion, Nisan 14 or April 3, AD 33), I wrote to him and suggested that another argument that Jesus died on Nisan 14 and that he presented himself to the nation on Nisan 10 was that it fulfilled the typology of Exodus 12:1–6. To my surprise and delight, Hoehner wrote back! And he politely pointed out that my argument could only be brought in as tertiary evidence, for although Jesus did indeed fulfill the typology of the OT, as historians we must look at the evidence that is of a historical nature—that is, evidence that both Christians and non-Christians would embrace—and we must also recognize that typological fulfillment often went in various directions, preventing us from cherry-picking in support of a view. For example, Jesus was not a year old when he died; he was not killed by fire but by crucifixion, etc. In other words, typology can be used in a confirmatory manner for historical study, but not as primary or secondary evidence. It’s what one brings in when discussing the results of one’s investigation.
What struck me was that Hoehner was unwilling to use evangelical apologetic devices as part of his defense of historical research. I wasn intrigued.
A couple of years later, when I decided that I needed to go to seminary, I took several courses from Hoehner. In NT Intro, he discussed the pros and cons of higher criticism. To my surprise, he mentioned several pros to each of the standard criticisms. Yet, he was and is solidly evangelical.
As my time at seminary went on, I began to see in Hoehner a man who was as wise as he was intelligent. A good friend of mine, whose father had not been the best role model, essentially adopted Hoehner as his surrogate father during his days in seminary. Hoehner didn’t realize this, but he fulfilled the role admirably.
When I graduated, Hoehner asked me to join the NT department for a couple of years. As I saw him from the other side of the podium, my respect grew even more. He was and is a stickler for form, having memorized (or at least, so goes the rumor!) Kate Turabian’s handbook on style. And he insisted on students citing primary sources rather than those that quote others. I learned a great deal from him about how to do proper research.
Over the years of being on faculty with this man, I have come to admire him for his influence on my family, whether he realized it or not. He ingrained in me the importance of insulating rather than isolating our children.
He has a wicked sense of humor, cracking Aggie jokes in class and being an unashamed devotee to Montie Python.
Over my 23 years of being on the faculty at Dallas Seminary, I have seen Hoehner time and time again take on the role of advocate for those who have little or no voice. He has led the way to change policies about summer school salary, sabbatical length, curriculum revision, faculty workload, class sizes, etc. At all points, he is interested in the best possible education for students and fair treatment for faculty. I believe that Hoehner has been a naysayer in faculty votes more than all the rest of the faculty combined. That is to say, he has gone against the tide, often alone, because he is true to his convictions. He’s never backed down from a fight that needed to be fought, and he’s defended the oppressed as though their cause was his own. Most remarkably, he’s done this when the position he has taken would often have negative implications for him personally. But he did it because it was the right thing to do.
Besides what he has done for Dallas Seminary as a whole, Hoehner has also developed the New Testament department. Since he became chairman of the department in the mid-seventies, he has hand-picked his faculty members, sent many of them oveseas to earn their doctorates, and developed the consistency of curriculum that the NT department is known for. We have an incredibly strong department, in no small thanks to Harold Hoehner. One of his great accomplishments was the development of fourth semester Greek, a course originally on the exegesis of Ephesians. Under Hoehner’s supervision, it morphed from a content course to a methods course. It became a course on exegetical method, using Ephesians as the text on which the principles were applied. (The recent Festschrift for Hoehner, Interpreting the New Testament Text: Introduction to the Art and Science of Exegesis, is an extension of what we do in that course; that book has, in turn, become a model for how to do exegesis.) When I taught for a couple of years at another seminary, I offered a similar course as an elective. Soon, I was teaching two sections of this elective each semester! A few years later, that seminary changed this elective to a required course.
After more than two decades, Hoehner finally published his commentary on Ephesians. Some have considered this to be the standard commentary on Ephesians against which all others must now be measured. It is brilliant, comprehensive, fair, and clear.
I see in Harold a godly man, whose great intellect is only matched by his wisdom, courage, and cheerful demeanor. He’s just about retired now from his long tenure at DTS. Dallas Seminary is an immeasurably better institute because of Harold Hoehner. I hope and pray that we will continue on the path on which this great man has helped to put us.
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James Wartian on 18 Dec 2008 at 11:51 pm #
Your comments, Dan, are well said. I had Dr. Hoehner for New Testament Intro and benefited greatly from his academic rigor. One thing you learn right away in his class — you don’t turn anything in late!
Yet I also learned Dr. Hoehner was a man of grace. While later taking him for the final Greek class on Romans, I was late in turning in my exegetical paper. It had been a rough week. I was part time on staff at a church in Richardson and there had been a horrendous tragedy where an uncle, under the influence of drugs, had killed his niece. The family, particularly the grandmother, were active in our church, and I found the tragedy overwhelming. When I turned in my paper a day late I mentioned the circumstances, not expecting anything but simply telling him what was happening. When I received my paper back, there was no deduction for it being late. His actions clearly showed he put ministry above academics.
Dr. Hoehner was a strict and tough teacher — and I am much the better for it.
Greg Hatteberg on 19 Dec 2008 at 12:00 am #
Another unbelievable articulation by Dan Wallace expressing the life of another one of his heroes and the impact of Harold Hoehner. The exactness of your comments is a great representation of the exactness of Hoehner’s exegetical method. But what is even better than his exegetical preciseness is how you have captured the expression of Harold’s heart for the Lord, especially as it is exhibited in the life of his wife, Gini, and the all of his kids. Thank you so much for your words, Dan, but mostly thank you for your heart!
Dan Wallace on 19 Dec 2008 at 12:51 am #
Well said, both of you! Although I didn’t mention Gini or the Hoehners’ four children, all of them are a marvelous family. Gini’s a hoot! And the four kids are godly adults, serving Christ in various ways. Their family life has always been open and honest. Great models for us all.
Carrie on 19 Dec 2008 at 1:25 am #
Dan I just wanted to take a moment to say …
Good to see your post. A great one as always…and…
Merry Christmas!!
Hope you have a great one and a fantastic New Year.
Blessings,
Carrie
bethyada on 19 Dec 2008 at 1:28 am #
He’s never backed down from a fight that needed to be fought, and he’s defended the oppressed as though their cause was his own. Most remarkably, he’s done this when the position he has taken would often have negative implications for him personally. But he did it because it was the right thing to do.
This is a very mature and biblical attitude. Fight the injustices for the oppressed and not yourself, and let God fight your battles. It is the model of David (and Abigail).
C Michael Patton on 19 Dec 2008 at 1:41 am #
I had Hoehner for NT Intro during my first semester. How’s that for an introduction to DTS? My impressions are the same. I am glad that I have him as part of my history and an example of integrity in all things. The NT Testament dept. at DTS is strong and Hoehner is to be credited for so much.
Thanks for giving such a tribute at this time.
Dan Fabricatore on 19 Dec 2008 at 4:58 am #
Thanks Dan. I had Dr Hoehner for NTI and for at least 3 Greek classes including Romans and Revelation. Two notable memories. In Revelation, when we came to chapter 4 and God being worshipped, he thought it right for the class to stop, get on our knees, and worship God as well. Twenty years later and the memory is still fresh in my mind.
About a week before graduation, he asked me if any of my family was coming. I said no. He knew I was the only believer in a family of 10 children. A couple of days later, I came home and my wife said, “Dr Hoehner called you while you were out.” I was worried. Did I turn in something late? She said that he and his wife wanted to take us out to dinner. We had dinner and he invited us back to his home where we stayed well past midnight, just talking about everything you would want to ask a man that you deeply repected. Just the four of us. I still tear up when I tell the story.
Ted on 19 Dec 2008 at 8:32 am #
Dear Dan-
Thanks for another wonderful tribute. I had Dr. Hoehner for NT Intro (about killed me), Romans (“the gospel is not trust in Jesus and he will forgive your sins, but Jesus has forgiven your sins, will you believe?”), and then Revelation (fair to all sides). He is gracious, yet demanding. I’m not the juiciest olive, but he squeezed the most out of me!
BTW, Dr. Hoehner would also correct the one error of grammar in this essay– from “He ingrained in MY the importance of insulating rather than isolating our children.” to ME
Dirk Jongkind on 19 Dec 2008 at 9:00 am #
When Harold was spending some time at Tyndale House, some years ago, he gave a paper in the Divinity Faculry of Cambridge University in which he systematically argued that Paul could not have written Galatians. This was of course all very much tongue in cheek, as he just wanted to demonstrate that many of the arguments used to similar effect for Ephesians could be applied to an undisputed letter as well. Rather hilariously, one questioner managed to be genuinely fooled by Harold.
I happily join in praising Harold.
Dirk
Dan Wallace on 19 Dec 2008 at 6:05 pm #
Ted, you’re absolutely right! LOL! Harold would indeed correct that blunder on my part! Dan F, that’s a great story—or rather, two stories about Harold in your comment. And Dirk, here’s a behind the scenes look at that Galatians paper: Harold submitted that topic to SBL but it was rejected. Apparently, they smelled a rat and didn’t want the weak arguments against Ephesians exposed at the national conference.
gary wearne on 20 Dec 2008 at 4:24 am #
Truly sounds like a humble remarkable and godly man. It is a sad thing that there are so few of them. May our Lord raise up more, so devoted to His Word.
Maybe one of you who were taught by Hoehner could answer if he ever addressed the more philosophical question of upon what assumptions does he base his understanding of historical investigation of texts etc?
You “quoted” Harold as saying that “as historians we must look at the evidence that is of a historical nature—that is, evidence that both Christians and non-Christians would embrace”
As Van Til would say there are no brute facts, the unbeliever has his philosophy of evidence where for example there are no such things as miracles, because there is no personal triune God who intervenes in his creation.
If you know Van Til you know what i am getting at.
Any insights as to Harold’s take on this?
In Christ,
Gary
Carrie Allen on 22 Dec 2008 at 7:20 pm #
Dr. Wallace -
Some biblical studies students and I from Biola University have made a Koine Greek music video. We definitely mention you and your book, so please check it out!
Thanks!!
Carrie
http://carriemarieallen.blogspot.com/2008/12/all-things-are-better-in-koine.html
Dan Wallace on 22 Dec 2008 at 10:44 pm #
Carrie, I did indeed see it. It’s a hoot! And you guys are so creative and talented! To be frank, I had never thought of λεγομαι εγω! With the waffles, that was hilarious! Any way I can get the video to show my students?
roger olson on 27 Dec 2008 at 2:02 pm #
Dan,
Just to inform you that Dr. Hoehner wasn’t always “scholarly”, I wanted include this tidbit about one of my favorite profs.
I too had Prof. Hoehner for NT Intro. My mistake was taking it as very first class when I got to DTS. Talk about being outta your league. But I also appreciated the ease at which I belived Dr. Hoehner made students feel when he saw the “fear” in our eyes.
My fondest memory is of his sense of humor. I suspect most students of Dr. Hoehner learned during some of his “casual chats” in class was the fact that his son was a Marine Corps fighter pilot. Now, my first mistake was mentioning that I too was a veteran of the Marine Corps. Dr. Hoehner proceeded to tell me that he knew of at least four Marines and proudly informed the class of this. He of course mentioned his son, then he informed us that Chuck Swindoll had also been in the Marines. and of course he looked at me and said then there is you. Then he stopped. After a long pause, I finally spoke up and informed Dr. Hoehner and my classmates that he had only mentioned three Marines.
Dr. Hoehner looked directly at me with a smile and proclaimed that he thought EVERYONE knew of GOMER PYLE!!! Even better than an “Aggie” joke as far as I was concerned.
Prof Hoehner, You’re one in a million. Thanks for everything.
Dan Wallace on 27 Dec 2008 at 7:41 pm #
Touché, Roger! Vintage Hoehner.
Carrie Allen on 02 Jan 2009 at 8:16 pm #
Hi Dr. Wallace!
Yes, we would love to send you a copy of the video on DVD. You can email me at carriemarieallen@yahoo.com to give me the address you would like it sent too. Thanks!!
Michael Karpf on 09 Jan 2009 at 7:00 am #
I had met Dr Hoehner a few times before coming to Dallas Seminary, and I was afraid to take New Testament Introduction under him, because I was afraid it was soooo hard. To be honest I enjoyed the class very much. We always sang before class, and he always asked for prayer requests. And we had lots of good “fellowship on paper.” I didn’t do great in NTI but I learned a lot of what happened between the testaments and about the different kinds of criticism. I made sure I got Dr Hoehner again for Exegesis of Romans, and I never forgot what he told us the first day, that the goal of all this is a changed life. Dr Hoehner was a scholarly man but he never overlooked the need for practical application in our lives. And I so much appreciated his Chapel message on Romans 12:1,2 in finding God’s will for our lives. Very biblical, practical and encouraging. I made sure to get his commentary on Ephesians before coming to Japan! I got the Feschcrift to Harold Hoehner; Interpreting the NT text, the science and art of exegesis when I stopped by the campus a couple years ago. It is the best book that has the whole exegetical process in one book. Thank you for your tribute Dr Wallace
Dan Wallace on 10 Jan 2009 at 3:30 am #
Mike, are you teaching English as a second language in Japan? I am hoping to come to the country of the rising sun in mid-February; there’s a Greek NT MS housed there that I’ve asked to photograph (sent the letter in Japanese, too). It’s at Tenri University. Are you close to Tenri, by any chance? I’d love to see you again.
Michael Karpf on 10 Jan 2009 at 8:10 am #
Dan…I am teaching English at a church in Soka, which is just outside Tokyo…I also teach English Bible class and lead an English service…through March. Tenri University is near Osaka. If you are flying through Tokyo maybe we can meet. It would be great to see you again as well. Let me give you my email…karpfmichael@hotmail.com. Hope to see you in Japan, land of the rising sun (and the earthquakes). Have a blessed night
Pete Smith on 12 Feb 2009 at 12:46 pm #
I shall miss him.
One of the things I liked about him as a prof was that he actually read my papers and gave really good feedback. One exegetical I wrote on Rom 3:21-26 challenged the standard interpretation that “rightousness” was different in the first half of the passage from the second half of the passage. I argued it was the same throughout. He read it and after class commented that he was still thinking through it. I was encouraged to see him still learning.
Another element of him as a good professor was the fact that he was excellent with time management. For a man who knew way more than the allottment of time offered he did not overload the student nor short change the student’s time in class. He planned each class well. We got through the whole of Romans!
I enjoyed his excitement of the subjects he taught. He knew how to tell the provocative history in a way that you forgot you were in class all together! Being an excellent historian and story teller go side by side.
Praise the Lord that though he has died, he still speaks.
About DTS News A Tribute to Beloved Professor Dr. Harold W. Hoehner
A Tribute to Beloved Professor Dr. Harold W. Hoehner
My Turabian stock just plummeted!
Luke on 12 Feb 2009 at 4:56 pm #
He will indeed be missed. What a man.
Daniel B. Wallace on 13 Feb 2009 at 8:51 pm #
Friends, in case you didn’t notice, although I wrote a living eulogy to Harold Hoehner in December, he died suddenly on Feb 12, just after his morning 3-mile run. I am in shock. Please pray for his family. He is survived by his wife Gini and four children, three of whom are missionaries.
Dan Wallace on 22 Feb 2009 at 1:34 am #
Friends, the memorial service on Thursday, Feb 19 was incredible. The most emotional part came from Harold’s son, a former student of mine. He gave an incredible eulogy, fighting back the tears. And he ended it by pointing out that Harold always told stupid Aggie jokes in his classes, and that a memorial service for him would not be complete without at least one of them. He ended with an Aggie joke that was very moving (believe it or not!):
Three guys found themselves stuck on a desert island. They had been there for a long time and they all but gave up hope of ever being found. Then, one day, a bottle drifted ashore. They popped the cork and out came a genie. The genie gave each man a wish. The first one said, “Well, I’m from Cambridge, England and I really miss it. I miss the cobblestone roads, King’s College Chapel, the medieval buildings of the colleges. My wish is that you send me back.”
Poof! The genie granted his wish and he was gone.
The next man said, “I’m from the University of Texas. I graduated there a couple of years ago and am working there now. I absolutely love Austin. I wish that you send me back there.”
And poof! He was gone.
The last man, an Aggie, said, “Oh my! My friends are gone. Now, I’m really lonely! I don’t think I could bear to be alone on this island by myself. I wish that my friends would come back!”
After the laughter died down, David concluded, “I would give anything right now to be an Aggie with a wish.”
His dad was truly his best friend.
Susan on 22 Feb 2009 at 2:14 am #
Where have I heard that one before?
Michael Karpf on 23 Feb 2009 at 8:25 am #
Is there a video or podcast of Dr Hoehner’s memorial service available? I really would have liked to come to it, but I live in Japan.
Daniel B. Wallace on 27 Feb 2009 at 12:51 pm #
Mike, none that I know of. Sorry.