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The Moral Indignation of Richard Dawkins
by Paul CopanMarch 20th, 2008

In his book The God Delusion, the new atheist Richard Dawkins asserts that Yahweh is truly a moral monster: “What makes my jaw drop is that people today should base their lives on such an appalling role model as Yahweh and even worse, that they should bossily try to force the same evil monster (whether fact or fiction) on the rest of us.”
In this particular blog, I would like to address a glaring inconsistency, which I mentioned in passing in an earlier blog. How can Dawkins launch any moral accusation at all? This is utterly inconsistent with his total denial of evil and goodness elsewhere:
If the universe were just electrons and selfish genes, meaningless tragedies . . . are exactly what we should expect, along with equally meaningless good fortune. Such a universe would be neither evil nor good in intention . . . . The universe we observe has precisely the properties we should expect if there is, at bottom, no design, no purpose, no evil and no good, nothing but blind pitiless indifference.
In The Devil’s Chaplain, he asserts: "Science has no methods for deciding what is ethical. That is a matter for individuals and for society." If science alone gives us knowledge, as Dawkins claims (actually, this is scientism), then how can he deem Yahweh’s actions to be immoral?
First, contrary to assertions by the new atheists, who view biblical theism as the enemy, the Jewish-Christian Scriptures and the faith that they inspired have historically served as a moral compass for Western civilization, despite a number of notable deviations from Jesus’ teaching across the centuries (e.g., the Crusades, Inquisition). In fact, a number of recent works have made a strong case that biblical theism has served as a foundation for the West’s moral development. These include Alvin J. Schmidt, How Christianity Changed the World; Jonathan Hill, What Has Christianity Ever Done For Us? How It Shaped the Modern World; Rodney Stark, The Victory of Reason; and Dinesh Souza, What’s So Great About Christianity?
Second, despite the new atheists’ appeals to science, they ignore the profound influence of the Jewish-Christian worldview on the West’s scientific enterprise. Despite naturalists’ highjacking the foundations of science as their own, physicist Paul Davies sets forth the simple truth: "Science began as an outgrowth of theology, and all scientists, whether atheists or theists . . . accept an essentially theological worldview".
Third, the new atheists somehow gloss over the destructive atheistic ideologies that have led to far greater loss of human life within one century than religion (let alone Christendom ) with its wars, Inquisitions, and witch trials. Dinesh D. Souza notes this "indisputable fact" : "all the religions of the world put together have in 2,000 years not managed to kill as many people as have been killed in the name of atheism in the past few decades. . . . . Atheism, not religion, is the real force behind the mass murders of history."
Fourth, we can certainly agree with the claim of the new atheists that we can know objective moral truths without the Bible or belief in God. (Amos 1-2 and Romans 2:14-15 make this clear: those without special revelation can recognize basic moral truths. The appendix to C.S. Lewis’s Abolition of Man further illustrates this point.) We are still left to how human value and dignity could emerge given naturalism’s valueless, mindless, materialistic origins. If, on the other hand, humans are made in the divine image and are morally constituted to reflect God in certain ways, then atheists as well as theists can recognize objective right and wrong and human dignity again, without the assistance of special revelation. But the atheist is still left without a proper metaphysical context for affirming such moral dignity and responsibility. As it turns out, despite all of Dawkins’ moral indignation toward theism, naturalism seems to be morally pretentious in claiming the moral high ground, though without any metaphysical basis for doing so. No, biblical theism, with its emphasis on God’s creating humans in his image, is our best hope for grounding objective moral values and human dignity and worth.
Similar Posts:
- Richard Dawkins: Advocate of Science or Self-Refuting Scientism? – Response to Dawkins, Part III
- God, Naturalism, and the Foundations of Morality
- Reason, Personal Responsibility, and Naturalism’s Counterintuitive Claims: Response to Dawkins, Part IV
- Morality and Naturalism’s Counterintuitive Claims: Response to Dawkins, Part V
- God is Great, God is Good: Why Believing in God Is Reasonable and Responsible













5 Comments
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Dear Dr. Copan,
I have a comment and then three closely related questions.
You quote Dawkins: “The universe we observe has precisely the properties we should expect if there is, at bottom, no design, no purpose, no evil and no good, nothing but blind pitiless indifference.”
Surely Dawkins doesn’t mean that currently there is no design or purpose in the universe. He presumably means only that what we currently find arose from a universe without design or purpose. But now that there are people, there surely are the designs and purposes (e.g., my design and purposes in writing this sentence). Thus, we shouldn’t automatically take this quote to mean that there is currently neither evil nor good. Just as design and purpose might arise from people, so also might good and evil.
You write: “biblical theism, with its emphasis on God’s creating humans in his image, is our best hope for grounding objective moral values and human dignity and worth.”
What is it about God that makes God our best hope in these matters? If objective moral values and human worth cannot be grounded in our own nature, why would the introduction of a divine nature be of any help? Moreover, why think in the first place that objective moral values stand in need of an external grounding?
Thank you
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Objective moral values cannot be rooted in human nature, precisely because if we have disagreement then there is no one to stand outside and judge who is right.
If a someone says that gassing Jews is right, and another says that gassing Jews is wrong, who is right? If someone says that killing babies in the womb is wrong and another says that it is right, which one is correct?
Objective moral values can be rooted in God, because He possesses the power to judge, the authority to declare what is right, and the constant nature that means He’s not going to change the rules from moment to moment.
William Provine has said “Let me summarize my views on what modern evolutionary biology tells us loud and clear … There are no gods, no purposes, no goal-directed forces of any kind. There is no life after death. When I die, I am absolutely certain that I am going to be dead. That’s the end for me. There is no ultimate foundation for ethics, no ultimate meaning to life, and no free will for humans, either.”
It appears that he agrees with Dawkins.
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But Jason, I wasn’t asking whether objective moral values could be grounded in human agreement, but in human nature.
You say, “Objective moral values can be rooted in God, because He possesses the power to judge, the authority to declare what is right.” But this doesn’t appear to answer my question in any insightful way, since my question is essentially: “what gives God the ‘power to judge’ or the ‘authority to declare what is right’?” Let’s both agree that God created us and can send us to Hell if He wishes. But how would these features (or any others) give God the authority to define our moral duties? Or: why, morally speaking, must I obey God?
Finally, do you suppose that Provine really thinks that human beings don’t have purposes (such as my purpose in writing this sentence)? I’m suggesting that we should try to interpret the biologists more charitably.
Thank you, nonetheless, for your thoughts.
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What is human nature? Since “human nature” doesn’t seem to be any meaningful concept except what human beings choose to do then agreement is as close as you’ll get. What makes gassing Jews objectively wrong without an outside judge? You can say you don’t like it, but then I don’t like avocado.
God has the power of any King to rule, and the right of any creator to decide how His creation should act.
Christian morality is deontological, that is derived from our obligation to God, so we seek to abide by His will. It has nothing to do with Hell.
Your purpose in writing that sentence is essentially pointless. In transcendent terms in 70 years time almost everyone who may have read it will be dead. A forgotten page on a forgotten site. Your purpose is entirely ephemeral. My purpose is to serve God, a duty that will still have meaning in ten thousand years time and going on to eternity.
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Jason,
If “human nature” isn’t a meaningful concept, is “divine nature” more meaningful? How about simply “the ability to make choices based upon reasons”?
You ask, “What makes gassing Jews objectively wrong without an outside judge?” But I’m asking how it is that an outside judge makes the activity wrong. I can see how a king might coerce a person to act in a certain way, but how does a king have the authority to define one’s moral duty. It seems that a king can use his power to determine what is prudent for others, but not what is moral. It’s precisely the “deontological” aspect that I’m asking you to explain.
You write, “Your purpose in writing that sentence is essentially pointless.” Are you disagreeing just to disagree?! How does the fact that something will be without “meaning in ten thousand years time” show that it is without meaning or point now?
Peace
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